Sagar Gaurkar
Assistant Professor, Dept. of Surgical Oncology Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha
Darshana Tote
Associate Professor Dept.of Surgical Oncology Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha
Abstract
Background: Solitary thyroid nodules are a distinct clinical entity with substantial medical implications that can be visually disturbing. The main concern is the possibility of cancer within such a nodule. With the introduction of high-resolution ultrasonography, greater FNAC efficacy, and a better understanding of pathology in recent years, management procedures have changed.
Aims & objectives: The goal of this study was to evaluate a solitary lesion in the thyroid at a tertiary health hospital.
Material and Methods: The current investigation was a prospective, observational study that included patients of all ages who were brought to the surgical ward with a single thyroid nodule.
Results: The researchers looked at 50 cases of solitary thyroid nodules. The majority of the patients were in their third decade, with many more in their fourth. In this study, there was a preponderance of females with thyroid nodules, with a F:M ratio of 23:2. 60 percent of patients presented within 6 months of discovering the nodule, and 88 percent presented during the first two years of swelling. All of the patients complained of a lump in their neck, and 4% of them experienced pain and discomfort due to swelling, with toxic symptoms present in one case (4 percent ). In 16 cases, the right lobe was the most commonly implicated lobe (72 percent ) In 14 cases, the left lobe is implicated (28 percent). The majority of the solitary nodules in this investigation were benign, with only 20% of instances being cancerous. 32 patients were diagnosed with a benign nodular goiter and underwent hemithyroidectomy. While 8 individuals with follicular adenoma had hemithyroidectomy, 4 patients with follicular cancer had hemithyroidectomy, and 6 patients with papillary carcinoma received total thyroidectomy. There was a significant incidence of benign nodules (60%) followed by follicular adenoma (16%) and follicular carcinoma (8%), papillary carcinoma (12%), and multinodular goiter (4%). There were only two occurrences of wound infection (4%), and two patients with seroma (4%). In 92 percent of cases, no additional problems such as voice hemorrhage, thyroid crisis, or RLN palsy were observed. In this study, no deaths were documented.
Conclusion: Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) should be performed first in patients with single nodules.
Keywords: Solitary thyroid nodule, Papillary carcinoma, FNAC, histopathological examination