A Review of Neurological Diseases

Abstract

Dementia that progressively destroys brain cells is known as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Changes in conduct, impaired capacity to do ADLs, and a gradual deterioration in cognitive capacities are all symptoms. The majority of cases of dementia induced by this illness tend to impact the pre- and senile phases. According to the World Health Organisation, 6% of women and 5% of men experience Alzheimer's type dementia among persons aged 60 and above. A person with dementia, a clinical manifestation of Alzheimer disease (AD), may initially have subtle memory loss that isn't immediately apparent but worsens with time until he or she can no longer care for himself. Memantine and other acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, such as rivastigmine, galantamine, and donepezil, are effective only towards the end of the disease process and have minimal effect on the patient's condition generally. While these drugs do help with symptoms and slow down the disease's progression, they are not a cure. The neuropathological signs of Alzheimer's disease are well-known, although the precise mechanism is still not well understood. It is likely that the lack of understanding of the pathogenic process is to blame for the lack of viable therapies that might arrest the development and progression of the condition. Recent advances in pathophysiology have paved the way for new therapy targets that should allow us to tackle the root cause of sickness head-on. A deeper comprehension of the wealth of data around Alzheimer's disease may lead to improved disease management and reduced healthcare costs. This article makes an effort to summarise some of the most important recent developments in our understanding of Alzheimer's disease and in the methods used to treat it.
KEYWORDS: Alzheimer, Management, Diagnosis, treatment.