A REVIEW ON THE EFFECT OF FEBUXOSTAT IN CHRONIC KIDNEY PATIENTS, IT’S SIGNIFICANCE IN eGFR, URIC ACID AND ALBUMINURIA.

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease is defined as the abnormality of the kidney structure or function for≥ 3 months and is associated with an irreversible reduction of the excretory and the endocrine functions of the kidney. An important risk factor for the development and progression of CKD is hyperuricemia. Hyperuricemia can occur as a result of the increased production or the reduced secretion of uric acid. Increased uric acid level is significantly associated with a greater decline in renal function and there is a higher risk of progression into kidney failure. Febuxostat is a nonpurine xanthine oxidase inhibitor for the treatment of hyperuricemia in patients with chronic kidney disease. It reduces serum uric acid concentrations by blocking the transformation of hypoxanthine to xanthine and xanthine to uric acid. Febuxostat is mainly metabolized in the liver and excreted through both urine and feces. Renal adjustment is also not required in CKD patients with mild to moderately reduced eGFR as it is metabolized mainly by glucuronidation and oxidation in the liver and well excreted by both urinary and fecal routes. Recent studies show that, in addition to lowering the uric acid level, febuxostat preserves the eGFR.
Keywords:  Chronic kidney disease, hyperuricemia, febuxostat, eGFR