Abstract
Background: A seizure is a neurological condition characterised by changes in neurologic function caused by excessive electrical discharge from the central nervous system.
Aims & objectives: The study's goal is to look at the alterations in the brain on Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in people who have seizures. The goal of this study is to see if there's a link between EEG findings and MRI abnormalities in people who have seizures.
Materials and Methods: It is a cross-sectional, non-interventional, observational retrospective study in which clinical records and imaging tests of patients who were sent to the Department of Radiology for MRI and EEG of the brain were retrospectively reviewed.
Observations and Results: MRI brain scans revealed abnormalities in 460 (76.6 percent) of the 600 patients who had seizures. Idiopathic (36.6 percent), infections (13.67 percent), hippocampal disease (11.6 percent), cortical malformations (4.3 percent), aberrant white matter hyper intensity (6.66 percent), tumours (0.67 percent), and AVM are the etiologies according to MRI (3.67 percent ). Hippocampal atrophy, cortical malformation, certain cancers, and dual disease are all areas where EEG can detect seizure beginning. A total of 520 patients (86.67%) had an abnormality on both the MRI and the EEG. In this investigation, abnormal MRI and EEG were shown to be concordant in 86 percent of the participants. Both the MRI and the EEG were normal in 80 patients (13.33 percent). EEG has a sensitivity of 66.25 percent while MRI has a sensitivity of 88.24 percent (95 percent confidence interval).
Conclusion: For identifying and localising the seizures onset area, EEG is the preferred investigation. MRI, on the other hand, has the capacity to pinpoint the exact location of an epileptogenic focus. When it comes to diagnosing structural causes of seizures, EEG results aren't as good as MRI.
Key Word: Seizures, MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging), EEG (Electroencephalogram)