Abstract
Background: The frequency of traumatic brain injury has increased dramatically as a result of fast modernisation, transportation advancements, and an increase in violence.
Aims & objectives: The goal of this study was to look into various care options and outcomes in patients who had suffered a brain injury at a tertiary hospital.
Material and Methods: The current investigation was a prospective, descriptive, and observational study conducted in patients aged 19 to 70 years old, both genders, who had an isolated head injury with a GCS of 12 or less and were admitted to our hospital.
Results: The average age of the 240 patients who took part in the study was 36.6 years, with the majority of patients falling into the 18-40 year age group (66%), followed by the 41-50 year age group (20%), and the 51-60 year age group (10%). (12 percent ). The majority of the patients (90 percent) were men, with a male to female ratio of 9:1. The most common mode of injury was a road traffic accident (74 percent ). EDH and SDH were the most common results on non-contrast brain CT scans in our study. EDH accounts for 27% of the population, whereas SDH accounts for 26%, resulting in a population of 53%. SAH was the third most common diagnosis, accounting for 18% of the population, followed by haemorrhagic contusion (11%), and intra-parenchymal haemorrhage (1%). (7 percent ). Without requiring operative intervention, 198 patients (82%) were handled conservatively in the surgical intensive care unit with monitoring. Only 42 patients (18%) required surgical intervention, which comprised Craniotomy (14 patients) and Burr Hole (14 patients) (28 patients).
Conclusion: The majority of head injuries in this study did not require surgery and could be treated conservatively, while those who were treated operatively with Burr Holes and Craniotomy had a positive outcome.
Keywords: head injuries, conservative management, Burr Holes surgery, Craniotomy