Dinesh Bansal
Assistant Professor, Department of General Surgery, Krishna Mohan Medical College & Hospital, Pali Dungra, Sonkh Road, Mathura U.P.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Up to 70% of lower limb amputations are caused, in part, by diabetes. Diabetic foot disease and diabetic foot ulcers are the primary causes of ultimate amputation in the majority of diabetic individuals. Due to contributing co-morbidities such peripheral vascular disease and peripheral neuropathy, the burden of diabetic foot disease and ulceration is expected to rise even more. Peripheral artery disease is characterized by stenosis or blockage of the arteries in the lower limbs. Compared to non-diabetics, diabetes is linked to a two to fourfold rise in the risk of PAD.
AIM: Observational research was created to evaluate the lower limb amputation risk factors and the vascular condition of diabetic foot patients.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: Patients for this study were chosen from the diabetic OPD and the medicine ward, which was part of the Department of General Surgery. 80 patients in all were chosen for the study. There were 58 male patients and 22 female patients overall. Observational research was created to evaluate the lower limb amputation risk factors and the vascular condition of diabetic foot patients. Only after receiving the institutional ethics committee's consent was the study carried out.
RESULTS: The ulcers were evaluated and rated using Wagner's system of grading. The highest grade is grade 4. Only 4% of diabetic individuals had osteomyelitis, so the difference between the 96% of patients who had normal radiography and the 4% who did not is not very significant.
CONCLUSION: The goal of the current study was to evaluate the vascular health of diabetic foot patients and the frequency of risk factors for lower limb amputation, such as Ray amputation, below knee amputation, and wound debridement. Radiography, fundoscopy, arterial Doppler, and neuropathy were all performed. Based on an analysis of these findings, it was shown that the majority of diabetes individuals have significant vascular status.
KEYWORDS: Diabetic foot, Ulcer, Vasculopathy and Amputation