Pramod Jadhav
Associate Professor, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Smt. Kashibai Navale Medical College, Pune Bypass, Pune- 411 041
Abstract
Background: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a significant pregnancy complication associated with adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. Early detection is crucial for effective management. This study aims to determine the incidence of GDM using a single-step diagnostic test.
Objectives: To evaluate the incidence of GDM in a pregnant population using the 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) as a single-step diagnostic method and to identify risk factors associated with GDM. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 300 pregnant women at a tertiary care hospital. Inclusion criteria comprised women aged 18-45 years with no prior history of diabetes. Exclusion criteria included pre-existing diabetes and significant medical conditions. All participants underwent a 75 g OGTT at 24-28 weeks of gestation, and the incidence of GDM was recorded.
Results: The study found an incidence rate of 18% for GDM among the participants. Risk factors identified included advanced maternal age, obesity, and a family history of diabetes.Conclusion: The use of a single-step diagnostic test for GDM significantly aids in identifying at-risk women early, facilitating timely interventions that can improve maternal and fetal outcomes. Keywords: Gestational diabetes mellitus, incidence, single-step diagnostic test, oral glucose tolerance test, pregnancy.